Development and Performance Evaluation of an Engine Operated Mower
Merga Workesa Dula,
Solomon Lamessa Kereyu
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
39-43
Received:
23 September 2021
Accepted:
19 October 2021
Published:
30 October 2021
Abstract: Unquestionably, Ethiopia is still taking the primary place in its livestock resource impending compared African countries. Nonetheless, due to numerous motives the nation has yet subjugated from its commercial likely for years. Although, much of the forage produced in the country is harvested directly by grazing animals, a small portion is manually harvested and carried to the animal. The main of the work was developing and evaluating performance of an engine operated mower which is pushed manually in field. The developed rotary mower has three wheels, two front wheels and one rear wheel. The rear wheel was used for steering at the end of farm land. The pulley on an engine was connected to the pulley shaft carrying blade and the vertical rotation on the engine converted in to horizontal on the blade by twisting the belt. This mower is used to reduce the charge and power requirement for domestic perseverance. This mower is fabricated using locally obtainable material and spare parts and thus, it is effortlessly maintained. This mower might be the way out to the difficulties faced by a small scale farmer regarding price and labor requirement. Earlier this machine was tested in farm and was found that the price of mowing using this mower is widely fewer comparing to labor-intensive mowing.
Abstract: Unquestionably, Ethiopia is still taking the primary place in its livestock resource impending compared African countries. Nonetheless, due to numerous motives the nation has yet subjugated from its commercial likely for years. Although, much of the forage produced in the country is harvested directly by grazing animals, a small portion is manually...
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Nickel - Tungsten CCAs Electro-deposition Morphology Investigation
Jalil Ebrahimi Baran,
Saeid Rastgari
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
44-54
Received:
15 May 2021
Accepted:
2 July 2021
Published:
12 November 2021
Abstract: Complex concentrated alloys (CCAs), are based on mixed elements to stabilized solid solution (S.S). properties come from S.S micro-structures present special mechanical and tribological properties. Producing process of these excellent alloys cost huge amount of money and time that would be economiced if could be quantified to surface instead of bulk counterpart, due to environment and condition of industrial usages and applications. Nickel-tungsten alloys electro-deposited show Distinct properties in coating layer as the same as CCAs. Refractory elements such as; W, Ti, Mo, Hf, Nb, Zr, Ta, and V, offer high temperatures and hardness properties which made their valuable in high-tech applications. Purveying coating from an aqueous bath of 0.1 M NiSO4, M 0.5 Na2WO4 and M 0.4 Na3Cit at pH = 8 and 70°C in a cathode rotation bath (for agitation) at a speed of 200 to 750 rpm, and direct current density 0.05-1.2 A/cm2 has been investigated in presence work. Tungsten has the essential role, as refractory element, in HEAs that affects on morphology and microstructure of alloys. The amount of tungsten in plating was 45.49% by weight in direct current plating, and in 80% D.C. reach 62.8 wt% in pulse current. The percentage of tungsten in the coating is strongly affected by the pH of the solution, the current density and the percentage of Time on. The anamolous deposition system in direct current was transformed into an induction deposition system in a pulsed electroplating process. The coating morphology becomes coarser as the amount of tungsten of the coating grains increases. At low Time-on percentages, the coating morphology is layered, bladed and porous. As the percentage of Time-on increases, the layers become wider. Grain size and structure had affected by kind of current, wereas coarser grains observed in pulse deposition coating, flat appurtenant is even in DCEP process.
Abstract: Complex concentrated alloys (CCAs), are based on mixed elements to stabilized solid solution (S.S). properties come from S.S micro-structures present special mechanical and tribological properties. Producing process of these excellent alloys cost huge amount of money and time that would be economiced if could be quantified to surface instead of bul...
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