Review Article
Design Optimization in Structural Engineering: A Systematic Review of Computational Techniques and Real-World Applications
Girmay Mengesha Azanaw*
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2025
Pages:
1-19
Received:
15 November 2024
Accepted:
26 November 2024
Published:
7 January 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajmme.20250901.11
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Abstract: Design optimization is a cornerstone in the development of structural systems to improve efficiency, safety, and sustainability. In particular, this has become a key strategy for contemporary engineering challenges that involve the minimal use of materials with very stringent performance requirements. Advances in computational techniques revolutionized this field and enabled engineers to solve complex, multi-variable problems with unprecedented precision and creativity. This systematic review covers a range of optimization methodologies. While classical methods, such as linear and nonlinear programming, provide strong frameworks for constrained problems, they often struggle with high-dimensional or non-convex scenarios. Evolutionary algorithms, including genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization, are highly effective in global optimization tasks but can be computationally intensive. The incorporation of machine learning has further transformed the landscape, enabling predictive modeling, pattern recognition, and adaptive optimization strategies. Hybrid models, combining such techniques, allow for flexibility with appropriate balances between accuracy and computational efficiency. The integration of such methods along with state-of-the-art technologies is the future in the area of structural engineering. As digital twins allow real-time simulating and optimization of their physical counterparts, additive manufacturing brings up new opportunities both within material and geometric design issues. Artificial intelligence acts for the automation of the designing process and delivers to new, sometimes hardly intuitively predictable solutions. This review therefore emphasizes the need for cross-disciplinary collaboration in addition to continuous innovation toward these challenges and provides a roadmap for sustainable and resilient structural design solutions.
Abstract: Design optimization is a cornerstone in the development of structural systems to improve efficiency, safety, and sustainability. In particular, this has become a key strategy for contemporary engineering challenges that involve the minimal use of materials with very stringent performance requirements. Advances in computational techniques revolution...
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Research Article
Determination of the Effective Microstructural Unit in Relation to the Weld Metals Brittle Fracture Resistance
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2025
Pages:
20-24
Received:
8 October 2024
Accepted:
30 October 2024
Published:
23 January 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajmme.20250901.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Metallographic studies of the high-strength, low-alloy steels weld metal structure show that the cracks in the structure can pass through several grains, or stop at the grain boundary or in the middle of the grain. Resistance to weld metal brittle fracture is usually associated with the grain size in its structure. Recently, works have appeared in the scientific and technical literature, in which instead of grain sizes, that is, the solid solution region delineated by the phase boundary, it is proposed to determine the influence of the solid solution region with a close orientation of ferrite formations. Purpose of the article: To clarify the grain size definition for the welds metal structure. Recently, works have appeared in the scientific and technical literature, in which instead of grain sizes, that is, the solid solution region delineated by the phase boundary, it is proposed to determine the influence of the solid solution region with a close orientation of ferrite formations. Key Idea: For weld metal, the structural grain size is determined by the disorientation index at the grain boundary. The article presents a critical analysis of the authors results concerning the point of view on the validity of such an approach to assessing the influence of microstructure on the metal of welds mechanical properties. Conclusion: When analyzing the weld metal structure influence on the mechanical properties, the grain size must be determined using the disorientation parameter at the grain boundary.
Abstract: Metallographic studies of the high-strength, low-alloy steels weld metal structure show that the cracks in the structure can pass through several grains, or stop at the grain boundary or in the middle of the grain. Resistance to weld metal brittle fracture is usually associated with the grain size in its structure. Recently, works have appeared in ...
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